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Author: Brent Ozar

I make Microsoft SQL Server go faster. I love teaching, travel, cars, and laughing. I'm based out of Las Vegas. He/him.

SQL Server 2025 Is Out, and Standard Goes Up to 256GB RAM, 32 Cores!

Today marks the official birthday of Microsoft SQL Server 2025. Here's where to download the evaluation version. Here are the top things you wanna consider as you talk to your managers, developers, and end users. The feature differences between 2025 Enterprise and Standard have been revealed, and the news for Standard Edition folks is spectacular:…

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How to Query JSON Data Quickly in SQL Server, Part 2: SQL Server 2025

SQL Server 2025 and .NET 10 bring several new improvements to storing JSON natively in the database and querying it quickly. On the SQL Server 2025 side, the two big ones are the new native JSON indexes and the new JSON_CONTAINS function. Let's see their improvements in action. On the .NET 10 side, EF 10…

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Performance Tuning

How to Query JSON Data Quickly in SQL Server, Part 1: Pre-2025

Before SQL Server 2025, if you want to store JSON data in Microsoft SQL Server or Azure SQL DB, and you want fast queries, the easiest way is to:

Store the data in an NVARCHAR(MAX) column (because the native JSON datatype didn't arrive until SQL Server 2025)
Add a computed column for the specific JSON keys we'll want to query quickly
Index those keys
Query it using the JSON_VALUE function

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SQL ConstantCare® Population Report: Fall 2025

In this quarter's update of our SQL ConstantCare® population report, showing how quickly (or slowly) folks adopt new versions of SQL Server, the data is very similar to last quarter:

SQL Server 2025: exactly 1 server being monitored, heh. God bless y'all for giving it a shot this early.
SQL Server 2022: 25%, up from 24% last quarter
SQL Server 2019: 43%, was 45%
SQL Server 2017: 10%, was 11%
SQL Server 2016: 13%, was 12%
SQL Server 2014: 5%, same as last quarter
SQL Server 2012 & prior: 1%, same
Azure SQL DB and Managed Instances: 2%, same

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Performance Tuning

The Version Store Won’t Clear If ANY Database Has Open Transactions.

Short story: what the title says.

This is especially problematic for folks who merge multiple databases onto the same server. All it takes is one badly-behaving application to leave its transactions open, and suddenly it causes the rest of the databases to run TempDB out of space. That app's transaction might not even be changing anything, and it might have never caused problems for that application before - but once it shares a TempDB with other apps, it causes cascading problems.

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Performance Tuning

Query Plan Pop Quiz Answers 2 and 3: I’ve Got Good News and Bad News.

In the Query Plan Pop Quiz, questions 2 and 3 asked you about what the sizes of arrows on query plans meant. The good news is that almost all of you got Question 2 right, but the bad news is that the vast majority of you got Question 3 completely incorrect, and the saddest part of that is that you've been using that inaccurate knowledge to guide your query tuning - and wasting your time.

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Performance Tuning

Query Plans Pop Quiz Answer #1: Costs are Garbage.

In last week's Query Plans Pop Quiz, the first question was, someone hands you these two queries and you get their estimated plans to decide which query to tune. Perhaps you get the estimated plans from SSMS, or from sp_BlitzCache, or from your monitoring tool. The question was, which query should you focus on tuning?…

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SSMS v22 Query Hint Recommendation Tool: The Invasion of the Query Hints

SQL Server Management Studio 22 Preview 3 is out, and it brings with it a new Query Hint Recommendation tool. Start by highlighting the query you want to test, then click Tools, Query Hint Recommendation Tool. It slides out a new pane on the right hand side: The maximum tuning time defaults to 300 seconds,…

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Performance Tuning

Query Plans Pop Quiz: Three Simple Questions

Question 1: Pick the Problematic Plan: someone hands you a pair of queries, and you get the estimated query plans. (Perhaps you get the estimated plans from SSMS, or from sp_BlitzCache, or from your monitoring tool.) Which one of these two should you focus on tuning first, Query 1 or Query 2?

Question 2: on an estimated plan, what does the thickness of the colored arrow represent?

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